1. Python
Python is widely accepted as the best programming language for beginner developers as it is simple and easy to use and deploy. It is widely used to build scalable web applications. Notable companies, such as Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, and SurveyMonkey, are built on Python. Python offers excellent library support for a large community of developers.
Python can be used to write functional, object-oriented, or procedural programming styles. Given its simplicity, Python is a powerful language for groundbreaking technologies. AI and ML, IoT, and Data Science are some of the fields in which Python plays a prominent role.
While JavaScript and Java are stable, having remained leaders for many years already, Python is skyrocketing and is expected to soon become the most popular programming language out there.
What’s so great about Python?
Python is a powerful language that you can use for different purposes and in different domains such as:
- Mobile app development
- Web app development
- Game development
- Data science
- Machine learning
- Web scripting
- Internet of Things (IoT)
Python got rid of overly complex syntax, so it’s easy to learn it and read it as well. This helps new developers to quickly understand what’s going on inside a project. With Python, you can create any app for any platform.
2. R
R is a programming language developed in 1993 by Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka with the name “R” was taken from its developers’ names’ first letter. It runs on Linux, Windows, and Mac operating systems.
R makes use of statistics to discover patterns in large data blocks. It comes with standard data processing functions and statistical algorithms used in distributed libraries. Most programmers use R as a high powered scratchpad inside an IDE to play with extensive data. Few of the top IT firms, such as Capgemini, Cognizant and Accenture, have applied R to their enterprises.
R is an open-source programming language that’s great for UIs. Visual representation of data is a must, and R is one of the best languages to create beautiful animations, graphs and other UI elements in your mobile app. It’s also used for statistical computing, which is why it’s useful for data science.
R works on different platforms and supports cross-platform development.
3. Swift
Inspired by Python and issues programmers experienced while working in Objective C, Apple introduced Swift to replace Objective C for Mac and iPhone. This language’s specifications are quite broad and not just a syntactic Objective C cleanup.
With a simpler syntax, it supports new features and iPhone coders can spin their code as fast as others. If you’re fond of using iOS devices and want to create native iOS or Mac apps, Swift is for you. With inspiration from Python, Swift is simple, safe, and easy to read and learn.
4. Go
Go, also known as Golang, is a programming language developed by Google. Google developed Go to easily control its server farms and be simple enough to stay in programmers’ heads.
Go provides excellent multithreading support and is used by companies that rely heavily on distributed systems. This language does not incorporate any complicated concepts or complex metaprogramming. The basic features are set in straightforward syntax without ambiguity or complicated code.
It is suitable for minimal web applications, web servers, and APIs. It offers automated support for programs that may share data while running on separate PCs at the same time. Go also has excellent built-in support for concurrent programming, making it ideal for complex applications. Unlike many other Object-Oriented languages, Go does not use class inheritance. Instead, it uses runtime-polymorphism through interfaces, which operate similar to protocols in other languages. This helps the programmer to build larger forms from many smaller ones instead of adopting a purely parent-child model.
5. SCALA
Scala was designed to run on JVM, so anything written in Scala will run anywhere Java runs.
Developed in the early 2000s, SCALA was designed as a solution to problems faced with Java. SCALA supports object-oriented and functional programming, which can be statically typed, compiled in Java Byte Code, and implemented in Java Virtual Machine. SCALA has a broad use in Web Development, Data Analysis, and Data Sharing. Some companies that deploy SCALA are New York Times and Meetup.com.
6. C#
C # is developed by Microsoft and commonly used for backend development, designing games (using Unity), and building mobile apps for Windows phones.
Developers love C# because it’s easy to use and well built. If you want to create apps for Microsoft platforms, learn C # language. C# is used in companies such as Cyber Infrastructure Inc., Xtreem Software, and Zealous System.
7. Kotlin
Since October 2017, Google has fully supported Kotlin, designing Android apps as an alternative to Java. KOTLIN can be used for Android Development, Web Development, Windows Development, and Side Application Servers. KOTLIN is used in companies, such as Coursera, Uber, Pinterest and Post Mates.
8. Java 8
Java8 comes with new Java features that deliver practical techniques to unlock parallel code parallel. It provides a Java virtual machine(JVM) with more structure for the execution of your code.
9. MATLAB
MATLAB was originally known as a language for scientists and mathematicians who had to juggle and find their solutions between complex equation systems. Now MATLAB is used for projects that require complex skills. It is fast, reliable, and has robust algorithms for complicated math. MATLAB toolboxes are professionally designed along with rigorous testing and full documentation.
MATLAB applications let you see how the data functions with various algorithms. The method is continued until the desired results, and then automatically generate a MATLAB program to automate your work. With minimal code changes, scale your analysis to run on clusters, GPUs, and clouds.
10. Solidity
Solidity is a programming language used in blockchain development. Solidity’s key use cases are decentralized apps and smart contracts running on the Ethereum blockchain.During 2017-2018, the emergence of the ICO (Initial Coin Offering) as a funding mechanism for startups led to a demand for skilled Solidity developers.
Although the ICO craze has cooled off, and the market is turning to the IEO (Initial Exchange Offering) model, Ethereum hasn’t disappeared. It ranks second place as cryptocurrency by market capitalization and supports a massive community of other projects based on network tokens.
11. Java
What is Java?
Java is a popular programming language, created in 1995.
It is owned by Oracle, and more than 3 billion devices run Java.
It is used for:
- Mobile applications (specially Android apps)
- Desktop applications
- Web applications
- Web servers and application servers
- Games
- Database connection
- And much, much more!
Why Use Java?
- Java works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc.)
- It is one of the most popular programming language in the world
- It is easy to learn and simple to use
- It is open-source and free
- It is secure, fast and powerful
- It has a huge community support (tens of millions of developers)
- Java is an object oriented language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs
- As Java is close to C++ and C#, it makes it easy for programmers to switch to Java or vice versa
12. C++
What is C++?
C++ is a cross-platform language that can be used to create high-performance applications.
C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, as an extension to the C language.
C++ gives programmers a high level of control over system resources and memory.
The language was updated 3 major times in 2011, 2014, and 2017 to C++11, C++14, and C++17.
Why Use C++
C++ is one of the world’s most popular programming languages.
C++ can be found in today’s operating systems, Graphical User Interfaces, and embedded systems.
C++ is an object-oriented programming language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs.
C++ is portable and can be used to develop applications that can be adapted to multiple platforms.
C++ is fun and easy to learn!
As C++ is close to C# and Java, it makes it easy for programmers to switch to C++ or vice versa
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